2020, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Part A

Author(s): Rajapaksha Gedara Weranga Dhanushka Bandara Rajapaksha, Athige Rajith Neloshan Silva, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya, Bulathwelage Anton Rohan Fernando, Thennakoon Mudiyanselage Aravinda Bandara Thennakoon and Sanjeewa Singhabahu

Abstract: This study evaluated in vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical profile of four plants (roots of Ipomoea aquatica, Lasia spinosa, Pistia stratiotes and leaves of Monochoria vaginalis) which grows in the wastewater of Sri Lanka. These plants are used in traditional and folk medicine of Sri Lanka for treatment of various bacteria induced infectious diseases. Antibacterial activity evaluated using 0.9% normal saline extracts against two Gram- positive [Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633)] and two Gram-negative [Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)], clinically important bacterial pathogens. The plant extracts were prepared by homogenization of plant in 0.9% sterile isotonic normal saline. The antibacterial activity of the extracts were evaluated using cylinder plate method. The extracts of the four plants showed antibacterial activity with the zone of inhibition values ranging between 12- 15mm. According to the dose-response study, Pistia stratiotes exhibited the highest antibacterial efficacy and Monochoria vaginalis the lowest antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). Statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the efficacy of Pistia stratiotes and Monochoria vaginalis against Escherichia coli. Pistia stratiotes exhibited the highest antibacterial efficacy, while Monochoria vaginalis showed weak antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Statistical analysis proved that the efficacy of the Pistia stratiotes and Monochoria vaginalis against Staphylococcus aureus has a significant difference (P<0.05). Lasia spinosa showed the highest antibacterial efficacy, while Ipomoea aquatica showed minimum antibacterial efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There is a significant difference (P<0.05) between the efficacy of the Pistia stratiotes and Ipomoea aquatica against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lasia spinosa showed the highest antibacterial efficacy, while Ipomoea aquatica exhibited the lowest antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633). Statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the efficacy of Lasia spinosa and Ipomoea aquatica against Bacillus subtilis. EC50 values of the dose-response study were used to compare the potency of in-vitro antibacterial activity plant of extracts. Here, Monochoria vaginalis 0.9% saline extract showed the highest antibacterial potency against Escherichia coli with the lowest EC50 value. Lasia spinosa 0.9% saline extract showed the highest potency against Staphylococcus aureus and Ipomoea aquatica shows high antibacterial potency against both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis with low EC50 value. It is concluded that the Ipomoea aquatica and Lasia spinosa plant which grown in polluted water may possess antimicrobial activity and its efficacy and potency can’t determine only depend on the size of bacterial inhibition zone. Results of these result further provide the information about the possibility of developing safe, efficacious and potent antibacterial medicines.

DOI: 10.33545/27072827.2020.v1.i1a.9

Pages: 42-50 | Views: 1618 | Downloads: 767

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